Effects of Melissa officinalis extract containing rosmarinic acid on cognition in older adults without dementia
Previous in vitro and in vivo studies in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) models have reported that rosmarinic acid (RA) can inhibit the formation of amyloid-β fibrils as well as the oligomerization and deposition of amyloid-β protein.
Melissa officinalis (M. officinalis) extract containing 500 mg rosmarinic acid is tolerable and safe in healthy individuals and in patients with mild dementia from Alzheimer’s disease.
The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study proposed to evaluate the effects of Melissa officinalis extract on cognition in older adults without dementia.
The study included subjects diagnosed with subjective or mild cognitive impairment out of a total of 323 subjects.
The analysis included Melissa officinalis extract supplementation of 500 mg rosmarinic acid daily for a period of 96 weeks followed by a 24-week washout period.
The primary endpoint was the cognitive subscale score of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale, while secondary endpoints were the results of other cognitive measures, as well as safety and tolerability.
No significant differences in cognitive measures were found between the placebo and Melissa officinalis groups from baseline to 96 weeks. However, based on the analysis of Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes scores in participants without hypertension, the score was increased by 0.006 and decreased by 0.085 in the Melissa officinalis and placebo groups, respectively; this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.036). In addition, there were no differences in vital signs, physical and neurological measures, or hippocampal volume between the two groups.
These results indicate that Melissa officinalis extract may help prevent cognitive decline in older adults without hypertension.
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Source: Noguchi-Shinohara M, Hamaguchi T, Sakai K, Komatsu J, Iwasa K, Horimoto M, Nakamura H, Yamada M, Ono K. Effects of Melissa officinalis Extract Containing Rosmarinic Acid on Cognition in Older Adults Without Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;91(2):805-814.
